Between the two is the "reward center" of the brain, he said, explaining that while it is intended to help motivate us, the reward center can be "hijacked and diverted" from this purpose if we take in "powerful rewards indiscriminately."
In this case, the reward center can "reset the pleasure thermostat of the brain," and a "new normal" is established, which can quickly become addiction, Hilton said, explaining that the brain structure is impacted by learning, and that "addictive learning sculpts the brain in a very damaging way."
Referring to a recent study done by medical personnel, he said addictions to food and sex have now been put on par with substance abuse, because the same changes are found in brain studies "and the behaviors are almost identical."
Children and young adults are particularly at risk from this, he said, because for one, the frontal-lobe control center of the brain don't fully mature until the person is in their mid-20s. However, most exposure to pornography happens at a young age, leaving children particularly vulnerable to changes in the brain structure.
He said children are also more at risk because the chemicals for processing rewards and addictions are more potent brains that are not yet mature, so "an immature breaking system is essentially paired with an accelerated reward-seeking drive." He also cited problems with brains systems that identify observers with the "motivational state" of those performing in the program, which in pornography is often linked to violence.
In his comments to CNA, Hilton said porn access at a young age is particularly concerning because since the brain of a child or teenager is not yet developed, it makes a strong imprint and "sets their template" in way that essentially sculpts the brain to prefer what they watch over reality.
Quoting American author, feminist, and political adviser Naomi Wolf, he said "pornified" boys are increasingly led to a mentality that "real women are just bad porn."
Hilton said that in order to help counter the online porn industry, the issue has to be addressed in a new way. Whereas in the past it has primarily been relegated to the moral realm, he said the issue is wider, and that it's important to bring the issue up in public settings "without mentioning religion."
"Can we talk about exploitation not only of youth who are viewing pornography, but of young female performers that are being used up so quickly and exploited by a very powerful industry? Can we leave the religion out of it and talk about it from a public health perspective?" he said.
"This is a vast industry, the internet is a vast industry," he said, adding that if any other industry had the same amount of disease, emotional health issues, and drug abuse involved, "they would cry out and there would be outrage.
However, "with porn, as long as they take their clothes off and put a camera there, you can do anything you want," he said, comparing porn to "filmed prostitution."
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"Can we really say that porn is good and that people should view it if the people that make it are being harmed? Is it an ethical product then?" he asked, and noted that according to one study paper, 88 percent of the scenes in the 250 most popular porn movies show aggression toward women.
So when looking at the concrete numbers, "if it's not ethical to produce it, is it ethical to watch it? What is the price someone is paying to film that?"
Also speaking at the conference was Dr. Mary Anne Layden, a psychotherapist and Director of Education for the University of Pennsylvania, who addressed the link between violence and pornography.
In her speech, she presented various research studies linking the use of pornography to increased aggression toward women. In youth particularly, various studies have proved that exposure to porn at a young age increases the likelihood youth will be promiscuous at an earlier age, and are more prone to partner abuse as they get older.
Porn use also and the misconceived belief that if access is so common, it isn't harmful, and that women who are treated violently in porn films actually like it, she said.
In comments to CNA after her speech, Layden said pornography is especially dangerous for children because "everything children see is educational," and since porn is typically the only imagery kids have when it comes to sex, they learn about it from "this toxic form."