Faith groups, Department of Justice back Catholic religious freedom case at Supreme Court

CNA Staff, Feb 4, 2025 / 14:25 pm

A diverse coalition of religious groups and the Department of Justice are urging the U.S. Supreme Court to rule in favor of a Catholic charity group in a religious freedom dispute in the state of Wisconsin.

The high court in December agreed to hear a case brought by Catholic Charities of the Diocese of Superior after the Wisconsin Supreme Court in March ruled the agency ineligible for a state religious tax exemption.

The state high court had said the charity’s service to the poor and those in need was not “typical” religious activity, in part because it serves and employs non-Catholics and does not “attempt to imbue program participants with the Catholic faith.” Those factors render it ineligible for that decades-old tax break, the court argued.

The case is expected to be heard before the U.S. Supreme Court this spring. The religious liberty law firm Becket, meanwhile — which is representing the Catholic charity — announced on Tuesday that a coalition of 11 “diverse faith groups” joined the Department of Justice and numerous legal scholars in backing the Catholic charity at the Supreme Court.

Among the religious groups supporting the Catholic charity are the General Conference of Seventh-day Adventists, the U.S. Conference of Catholic Bishops, the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, the Lutheran Church–Missouri Synod, the Ethics and Religious Liberty Commission of the Southern Baptist Convention, and the United Methodist Church.

The groups in their amicus brief argued that the Wisconsin high court had committed a “stark departure” from First Amendment case law in its ruling.

The autonomy of religious organizations “would be severely undermined if the First Amendment allowed the government to second-guess their decisions on matters of church government such as a religion’s organizational structure or employment or service decisions,” the brief states. 

The First Amendment “forbids such judicial second-guessing of a religious organization’s internal decisions on how to structure itself and its work,” they said. 

Also weighing in on the side of the Catholic charity was the U.S. Department of Justice, which argued that the Wisconsin Supreme Court had erred in ruling against the charity. 

“Under the proper understanding of the religious-employer exemption,” the Catholic charity is “operated primarily for religious purposes” and is “entitled to the exemption,” the department said. 

The federal government has “substantial interests in this case,” the department said, in that the final decision could address how the First Amendment applies to the Federal Unemployment Tax Act.

A group of 19 states as well as several religious liberty scholars also weighed in on the side of the Catholic charity.

The broad show of support “shows just how ludicrous Wisconsin’s position is,” Eric Rassbach, vice president and senior counsel at Becket, said in the group’s press release.

“As these vast swathes of society attest, courts should not be in the business of telling churches how to church. We’re confident the court will confirm that commonsense principle,” he said.