"We build bridges, not walls. What is the difference between a mediator and an intermediary?" he said. An intermediary is someone who enters a business agreement, renders a service and then is compensated, "and rightly so, because it is his job."
The mediator, on the other hand, "is the one who wants to serve both parties and wants both parties to win even if he loses," the Pope said. "Vatican diplomacy must be a mediator, not an intermediary. If, throughout history, it has sometimes maneuvered or managed a meeting that filled its pockets, that was a very serious sin."
"The mediator builds bridges that are not for him, but rather for others to cross."
Asked if his changes to the Vatican, sometimes criticized both by the more traditional sectors of the church and by the more progressive, are a "revolution of normalcy," or already contained in the "Gospel's essence," as he has said, Pope Francis responded simply that he is a "sinner and not always successful."
"I try – I don't know if I succeed – to do what the Gospel says. That is what I try," he said.
"The true heroes of the Church are the saints. That is, those men and women that devoted their lives to make the Gospel a reality," he said. "The saints are the specific examples of the Gospel in daily life!"
With the emphasis on going out to the peripheries, how would Francis respond to those Catholics that feel that he ignores the people who have remained faithful to the Church and her teachings, was also questioned.
"I know that those who feel comfortable within a Church structure that doesn't ask too much of them or who have attitudes that protect them from too much contact are going to feel uneasy with any change, with any proposal coming from the Gospel," he said.
"The novelty of the Gospel however astonishes because it is essentially scandalous," he continued. "Saint Paul tells us about the scandal of the cross, the scandal of the Son of God become man. But the evangelical essence is scandalous by those days' criteria. By any worldly criteria, it is an outrageous essence."
Once questioned by a German journalist about why he never talks about the middle class, "those who pay their taxes…" Francis said he thinks that maybe he is always talking about the middle class, just without calling it that.
"I use a term coined by the French novelist Malègue, who talks about 'the middle class of sanctity,'" he said.
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"I am always talking about parents, grandparents, nurses, the people who live to serve others, who raise their kids, who work... Those people are tremendously saintly!" he said.
"And they are also the ones who carry the Church onward: the ones that earn their living with dignity, that raise their children, that bury their dead, that care for their elders, instead of putting them into an old people's home: that is our saintly middle class."
From an economic point of view, the middle class is vanishing more and more, he said. But "the father, the mother, who celebrate their family, with their sins and their virtues, the grandfather, the grandmother," he continued. "The family. At the center. That is 'the middle class of sanctity.'"
A final comment reflected that Francis seems to be a very happy Pope. "The Lord is good and hasn't taken away my good humor," he said.
Hannah Brockhaus is Catholic News Agency's senior Rome correspondent. She grew up in Omaha, Nebraska, and has a degree in English from Truman State University in Missouri.